From the Genesis record in the Holy Bible, and further investigation from the other books contained in Holy Writ, it appears that taxation did not exist when Adam and Eve (our primal ancestral parents) were roaming around The Garden of Eden in the nude.

I suppose that it would be "stretching it" to purport that The Forbidden Fruit that Eve "shared" with Adam could be considered some kind of a "sacrifice" or "offering" given to her husband - for whatever cause she gave it to him. Moreover, the Holy Text does not specifically state that Eve knew she had screwed up before she "shared" with her husband Adam.

Similarly, one could hardly consider the following "sacrifice" actions of their two sons to be considered a form of taxation:

Genesis 4:1 Now Adam knew Eve his wife, and she conceived and bore Cain, saying, "I have gotten a man with the help of the LORD [quite a loaded statement, with all associated intercourse and child-creation implications]."
2 And again, she bore his brother Abel. Now Abel was a keeper of sheep, and Cain a tiller of the ground.
3 In the course of time Cain brought to the LORD an offering of the fruit of the ground [whatever that weed or vegetable that was],
4 and Abel brought of the firstlings of his flock and of their fat portions [whatever animal-meat product that was]. And the LORD had regard for Abel and his offering,
5 but for Cain and his offering he had no regard. So Cain was very angry, and his countenance fell.
6 The LORD said to Cain, "Why are you angry, and why has your countenance fallen?
7 If you do well, will you not be accepted? And if you do not do well, sin is couching at the door; its desire is for you, but you must master it."
8 Cain said to Abel his brother, "Let us go out to the field." And when they were in the field, Cain rose up against his brother Abel, and killed him.

Why any "offering" (to the LORD) at all, at that time? What was the point, and why did both of the sons named above do that?

The Scriptural text does not precisely state, nor definitively imply, that neither Cain nor Abel was attempting to pay off God concerning some feeling of sin or disobedient behavior(s) either one had committed, nor does the Biblical text explicitly state any declared motive of thankfulness or gratitude by the offerings offered by either Cain or Abel.

Such was also the case with Noah, who with his family of seven persons not including himself, also did the offering thing to the LORD, for what I assume were the same motives (whatever they were) Abel apparently had:

Genesis 8:13 In the six hundred and first year, in the first month, the first day of the month, the waters were dried from off the earth; and Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and hey, the face of the ground was dry.
14 In the second month, on the twenty-seventh day of the month, the Earth was dry.
15 Then God said to Noah,
16 "Go forth from the ark, you and your wife, and your sons and your sons' wives with you.
17 Bring forth with you every living thing that is with you of all flesh - birds and animals and every creeping thing that creeps on the earth - that they may breed abundantly on the earth, and be fruitful and multiply on the earth."
18 So Noah went forward, and his sons and his wife and his sons' wives with him.
19 And every beast, every creeping thing, and every bird, everything that moves upon the earth, went forth by families out of the ark.
20 Then Noah built an altar to the LORD, and took of every clean animal and of every clean bird, and offered burnt offerings on the altar [what a waste of limited-population extra-species lifeforms, and perhaps Noah killed them first before burning them alive!?].
21 And when the LORD smelled the pleasing "aroma" [or instead "fragrance," if you prefer the word for "smell" describing something not related to food], the LORD said in his heart, "I will never again curse the ground because of man, for the imagination of man's heart is evil from his youth [an interesting response of Divinity regarding Noah offering that lifeforms offering]; neither will I ever again destroy every living creature as I have done.
22 While the earth remains, seedtime and harvest, cold and heat, summer and winter, day and night, shall not cease [a great future global weather prediction from then on]."

The first use of the word: "tax" in the Revised Standard Version translation of The Holy Bible occurs in Second Chronicles 24:6. The first use of the word: "taxed" in the Revised Standard Version translation of The Holy Bible occurs in Second Kings 23:35. The word: "taxation" is not found anywhere within the Revised Standard Version translation of The Holy Bible.

However, the word "tribute" is used much earlier, the first instance of which recorded in the Revised Standard Version translation of The Holy Bible being as indicated in the Scripture-verses passage below, and it seems that such refers to required offerings rather than monetary taxation:

Numbers 31:28 And levy for the LORD a tribute from the men of war who went out to battle, one out of five hundred, of the persons and of the oxen and of the asses and of the flocks;
37 and the LORD's tribute of sheep was six hundred and seventy-five.
38 The cattle were thirty-six thousand, of which the LORD's tribute was seventy-two.
39 The asses were thirty thousand five hundred, of which the LORD's tribute was sixty-one.
40 The persons were sixteen thousand, of which the LORD's tribute was thirty-two persons.
41 And Moses gave the tribute, which was the offering for the LORD, to Eleazar the priest, as the LORD commanded Moses.

Deuteronomy 16:10 Then you shall keep the feast of weeks to the LORD your God with the tribute of a freewill offering from your hand, which you shall give as the LORD your God blesses you...

That word "tribute" is found only three times within the Revised Standard Version translation of The Holy Bible:

Matthew 17:25 He said, "Yes." And when he came home, Jesus spoke to him first, saying, "What do you think, Simon? From whom do kings of the earth take toll or tribute? From their sons or from others?"
Luke 20:22 Is it lawful for us to give tribute to Caesar, or not?"
Luke 23:2 And they began to accuse Him, saying, "We found this man perverting our nation, and forbidding us to give tribute to Caesar, and saying that he himself is Christ a king."

The Revised Standard Version (RSV) translation of The Holy Bible uses the words "tax collectors" in the gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke (the only places such words are used in the entire New Testament of the RSV)...whereas the KJ21 instead uses the words: "publicans" within those three New-Testament gospels.

Compare the following:

Matthew 9:9 (RSV) As Jesus passed on from there, he saw a man called Matthew sitting at the tax office; and he said to him, "Follow me." And he rose and followed him.
Matthew 9:9 (KJ21) And as Jesus passed forth from thence, He saw a man named Matthew, sitting in the customhouse. And He said unto him, "Follow Me." And he arose and followed Him.

Mark 2:14 (RSV) And as he passed on, he saw Levi the son of Alphaeus sitting at the tax office, and he said to him, "Follow me." And he rose and followed him.
Mark 2:14 And as He passed by, He saw Levi the son of Alphaeus sitting at the custom booth, and said unto him, "Follow Me." And he arose and followed Him.

Luke 5:27 (RSV) After this he went out, and saw a tax collector, named Levi, sitting at the tax office; and he said to him, "Follow me."
Luke 5:27 (KJ21) And after these things He went forth and saw a publican named Levi, sitting in the customhouse, and He said unto him, "Follow Me."

Clearly, the phenomena of both involuntary or required offering and tribute (which might or might not involve "money") are related to an inferior scentient entity (such as a human or peasant human) trying to appease or please a superior scentient entity (such as God the Creator, or a human king)....whereas the phenomenon of contributions (or donations) and taxation (both of which usually or definitely involves "money") is related to an abstraction called "government" - which abstraction symbolically represents a singular being or multiple beings who have authority and jurisdiction over other humans subject to the higher-authority higher-jurisdiction human beings.

What are the causes of offerings, tribute, lending, and especially taxation? For what purpose(s) are such incepted and perpetuated?

Exodus 22:25 If you lend money to any of my people with you who is poor, you shall not be to him as a creditor, and you shall not exact interest from him. Leviticus 25:37 You shall not lend him your money at interest, nor give him your food for profit.

Deuteronomy 15:6 For the LORD your God will bless you, as he promised you, and you shall lend to many nations, but you shall not borrow; and you shall rule over many nations, but they shall not rule over you.
15:8 ...but you shall open your hand to him, and lend him sufficient for his need, whatever it may be.
23:19 You shall not lend upon interest to your brother, interest on money, interest on victuals, interest on anything that is lent for interest.
23:20 To a foreigner you may lend upon interest, but to your brother you shall not lend upon interest; that the LORD your God may bless you in all that you undertake in the land which you are entering to take possession of it.
28:12 The LORD will open to you his good treasury the heavens, to give the rain of your land in its season and to bless all the work of your hands; and you shall lend to many nations, but you shall not borrow.

Deuteronomy 28:44 He shall lend to you, and you shall not lend to him; he shall be the head, and you shall be the tail.

Ezekiel 18:5 If a man is righteous and does what is lawful and right:
6 if he does not eat upon the mountains or lift up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, does not defile his neighbor's wife or approach a woman in her time of impurity,
7 does not oppress any one, but restores to the debtor his pledge, commits no robbery, gives his bread to the hungry and covers the naked with a garment,
8 does not lend at interest or take any increase, withholds his hand from iniquity, executes true justice between man and man,
9 walks in my statutes, and is careful to observe my ordinances--he is righteous, he shall surely live, says the Lord GOD.

Proverbs 22:7 The rich rules over the poor, and the borrower is the slave of the lender.

Luke 3:11 And [John] answered them, "He who has two coats, let him share with him who has none; and he who has food, let him do likewise."

Luke 6:34 And if you lend to those from whom you hope to receive, what credit is that to you? Even sinners lend to sinners, to receive as much again.
Luke 6:35 But love your enemies, and do good, and lend, expecting nothing in return; and your reward will be great, and you will be sons of the Most High; for he is kind to the ungrateful and the selfish.
Luke 11:5 And he said to them, "Which of you who has a friend will go to him at midnight and say to him, 'Friend, lend me three loaves

First Corinthians 16:2 On the first day of every week, each of you is to put something aside and store it up, as he may prosper, so that contributions need not be made when I come.

It is only natural that, in any type of governmental structure, leaders of such are - by default - administrators and apportionists - not capable of either being a jack-of-all-trades in any one particular mundane or limited-scope occupational endeavor, nor a restricted expert concentrating only on one exlusive specialty to the negligence of other specialties. Such bosses are overseers and coordinators for public dispersion of disbursements among the interdependent they have been appointed to allocate resources:

Exodus 18:12 And Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, offered a burnt offering and sacrifices to God; and Aaron came with all the elders of Israel to eat bread with Moses' father-in-law before God.
13 On the morrow Moses sat to judge the people, and the people stood about Moses from morning till evening.
14 When Moses' father-in-law saw all that he was doing for the people, he said, "What is this that you are doing for the people? Why do you sit alone, and all the people stand about you from morning till evening?"
15 And Moses said to his father-in-law, "Because the people come to me to inquire of God;
16 when they have a dispute, they come to me and I decide between a man and his neighbor, and I make them know the statutes of God and his decisions."
17 Moses' father-in-law said to him, "What you are doing is not good.
18 You and the people with you will wear yourselves out, for the thing is too heavy for you; you are not able to perform it alone.
19 Listen now to my voice; I will give you counsel, and God be with you! You shall represent the people before God, and bring their cases to God;
20 and you shall teach them the statutes and the decisions, and make them know the way in which they must walk and what they must do.
21 Moreover choose able men from all the people, such as fear God, men who are trustworthy and who hate a bribe; and place such men over the people as rulers of thousands, of hundreds, of fifties, and of tens.
22 And let them judge the people at all times; every great matter they shall bring to you, but any small matter they shall decide themselves; so it will be easier for you, and they will bear the burden with you.
23 If you do this, and God so commands you, then you will be able to endure, and all this people also will go to their place in peace."
24 So Moses gave heed to the voice of his father-in-law and did all that he had said.
25 Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, of hundreds, of fifties, and of tens.
26 And they judged the people at all times; hard cases they brought to Moses, but any small matter they decided themselves.

Acts 6:1 Now in these days when the disciples were increasing in number, the Hellenists murmured against the Hebrews because their widows were neglected in the daily distribution.
2 And the twelve summoned the body of the disciples and said, "It is not right that we should give up preaching the word of God to serve tables.
3 Therefore, brethren, pick out from among you seven men of good repute, full of the Spirit and of wisdom, whom we may appoint to this duty.
4 But we will devote ourselves to prayer and to the ministry of the word."

The notion of obligatory sacrifice as a type of taxation (frequently without money involved) permeates not only the Old but also the New Testaments of The Holy Bible. But although involved as a needed expression of compensation for justification and salvation, human acts of sacrificial "taxation" payments are totally inadequate to atone against sins intended and physically committed. To wit, although the following human-efforts-obtained, self-accrued-credit, taxation-like sacrifices are demanded:

Hosea 6:6 For I desire steadfast love and not sacrifice, the knowledge of God, rather than burnt offerings.

Matthew 9:13 Go and learn what this means, 'I desire mercy, and not sacrifice.' For I came not to call the righteous, but sinners.
Matthew 12:7 And if you had known what this means, 'I desire mercy, and not sacrifice,' you would not have condemned the guiltless.

Romans 12:1 I appeal to you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship.

Philippians 4:18 I have received full payment, and more; I am filled, having received from Epaphroditus the gifts you sent, a fragrant offering, a sacrifice acceptable and pleasing to God.

Hebrews 5:3 Because of this he is bound to offer sacrifice for his own sins as well as for those of the people.
Hebrews 10:26 For if we sin deliberately after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins...
Hebrews 13:15 Through Him then let us continually offer up a sacrifice of praise to God, that is, the fruit of lips that acknowledge His name.

....The Lord alone provides (and Himself is) THE Ultimate Sacrifice absolving the sins and paying the penalty for transgressions of the believing penitent -- as if to not only pay spiritual taxes we owe for the Lord's massive administration apportionment for us and our wellbeing, but bailing us out of the hell-deserving fines for not responsibly paying the overwhelming amount of taxes we owe for His extra services provided due to our gross wicked negligence:

Zephaniah 1:7 Be silent before the Lord GOD! For the day of the LORD is at hand; the LORD has prepared a sacrifice and consecrated his guests.

Ephesians 5:2 And walk in love, as Christ loved us and gave Himself up for us, a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God.

Hebrews 9:24 For Christ has entered, not into a sanctuary made with hands, a copy of the true one, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God on our behalf.
Hebrews 9:25 Nor was it to offer Himself repeatedly, as the high priest enters the Holy Place yearly with blood not his own;
Hebrews 9:26 for then He would have had to suffer repeatedly since the foundation of the world. But as it is, He has appeared once for all at the end of the age to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself.

Hebrews 10:4 For it is impossible that the blood of bulls and goats chould take away sins.
Hebrews 10:10 And by [His] will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.
Hebrews 10:11 And every priest stands daily at his service, offering repeatedly the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins.
Hebrews 10:12 But when Christ had offered for all time a single sacrifice for sins, He sat down at the right hand of God...
Hebrews 10:14 For by a single offering He has perfected, for all time, those who are sanctified.

Sadly, many deliberately-self-deceived rebelliously-defiant people do not believe the aforementioned Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Redeemer, because they do not want to accept His 24/7 authority nor totally commit to His complete moral sovereignty over them....but instead want anyone else (including themselves) as their own pseudo-sacrificer and self-expiationist idol, while concocting their own weird and invalid fake-atonement substitutions (in place of true and genuine Divine atonement through Biblically-based faith and concordant good works)...such as making inane and legalistic New-Years' resolutions they soon break, getting socially drunk during church-service-replacement neighborhood parties, being mopheaded and/or nude-armed sleevesless and/or baring naked legs with miniskirts and/or roaming around soxless with toes-exposing flipflops especially during warm days to submissively bow to immodest fashion-style demons of the worldly, donating to United-Way battered-women feminist or homogay-pervert charities, arrogantly puffing on ciggies, not eating pork or drinking wine, bowing toward Mecca five times a day, chomping on and slurping down eucharistic tidbits in presumptive self-atonement attempts, exercising religiously, rioting for black reparations or abortion-homicide rites, being vegetarians, environmentally planting a tree or saving a polar bear, teaching children cute fairy tales instead of Bible stories, conniving with ACORN for Obamination and Planned Parentlessness (a.k.a. Planned Promiscuity), sleeping in on Sunday mornings, jogging or biking while wearing shorts on Community Get-Together Day, and on and on.

Speaking of Barry Soetoro (a.k.a. Barack Hussein Obama, the arabic-name-translated "favored crooked one"):

First Samuel 15:23 For rebellion is as the sin of divination, and stubbornness is as iniquity and idolatry. Because you have rejected the word of the LORD, he has also rejected you from being king.

Second Thessalonians 2:3 Let no one deceive you in any way; for that day will not come, unless the rebellion (in mainline protestants concerning homoclergy and feminini pastorettes, women politicians and newscaster in charge, so-called "democracy freedom-fighter" insurrectionists in Egypt, Libya, Yemen, etc.) comes first, and the man of lawlessness is revealed, the son of perdition [and who is stopping the present nuclear-weapons-arming antisemitic Dictator of Iran?]

Matthew 24:7 For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom, and there will be famines and earthquakes (up to maybe beyond 9.0 on the Richter Scale, as recently happened in Japan) in various places:
Mark 13:8 For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom; there will be earthquakes in various places, there will be famines; this is but the beginning of the birth-pangs.
Luke 21:11 there will be great earthquakes, and in various places famines and pestilences; and there will be terrors and great signs from heaven.
Luke 21:25 And there will be signs in sun and moon and stars, and upon the earth distress of nations in perplexity at the [tsunami] roaring of the sea and the waves,
Luke 21:26 men fainting with fear and with foreboding of what is coming on the world; for the powers of the heavens will be shaken.

We are not talking about the poetic jibberish of Nostradamus here, nor the astrological superstitutions of the Mayan calendar.

Modern applications involving not so much donations, contributions, offerings, nor "tribute"...but instead taxes are, for instance, the administrative actions of all branches of our present American government: federal, state, county, city and township. Not everyone is a law-enforcement officer or fireman or garbage collector or street sweeper or farmer, yet all under every echelon of government need the protection of not merely the armed services (Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, Coast Guard, etc.), federal agents and agencies (FEMA, FBI, U.S. Marshals, Congress, the Executive, the Judiciary, etc.), state patrol, county sheriffs, local police, etc. -- but specialists in all sorts of unique and diverse occupations.

There needs to be administrators for all sort of specialized agencies pertaining to regulation and apportionment of education, agriculture, electrical and highway infrastructure, waste disposal, radio and TV communications, space exploration, plus an understandable plethoria of many other areas of human-life activities -- all of whom are given monies to do their apportioning through hopefully-reasonable taxation from those they provide for.

The phenomena of taxation, exemptions, welfare, and fraud are addressed by various Scripture passages:

Ecclesiastes 2:26 For to the man who pleases him God gives wisdom and knowledge and joy; but to the sinner he gives the work of gathering and heaping, only to give to one who pleases God. This also is vanity and a striving after wind.

Ephesians 4:28 Let the thief no longer steal, but rather let him labor, doing honest work with his hands, so that he may be able to give to those in need.

First Thessalonians 4:9 But regarding love of the brethren you have no need to have any one write to you, for you yourselves have been taught by God to love one another;
10 and indeed you do love all the brethren throughout Macedonia [Minneapolis, Memphis, etc.]. But we exhort you, brethren, to do so more and more,
11 to aspire to live quietly, to mind your own affairs, and to work with your hands, as we charged you; 12 so that you may command the respect of outsiders, and be dependent on nobody.

Second Thessalonians 3:10 For even when we were with you, we gave you this command: If any one will not work, let him not eat.
Second Thessalonians 3:11 For we hear that some of you are living in idleness, mere busybodies, not doing any work.

First Timothy 5:11 But refuse to enroll younger widows; for when they grow wanton against Christ they desire to marry,
First Timothy 5:12 and so they incur condemnation for having violated their first pledge.
First Timothy 5:13 Besides that, they learn to be idlers, gadding about from house to house, and not only idlers but gossips and busybodies, saying what they should not.

Titus 3:1 Remind them to be submissive to rulers and authorities, to be obedient, to be ready for any honest work.

James 5:4 Hey, the wages of the laborers who mowed your fields, which you kept back by fraud, cry out; and the cries of the harvesters have reached the ears of the Lord of hosts.

Whether there are mutual debts of miniscule amounts OR become almost incredibly large between persons or groups of persons, mutual dissolution against of debts by such persons or groups of persons directly is not only a practical possibility, but at times are a vital necessity.

Matthew 18:23 (KJ21) "Therefore is the Kingdom of Heaven likened unto a certain king who would settle accounts with his servants.
24 And when he had begun to reckon, one was brought unto [to] him who owed him ten thousand talents.
25 But inasmuch as he could not pay, his lord commanded him to be sold, and his wife and children and all that he had, and payment to be made.
26 The servant therefore fell down and besought [begged] him, saying, `Lord, have patience with me, and I will pay thee [you] all.'
27 Then the lord of that servant was moved with compassion, and loosed him and forgave him the debt.
28 But the same servant went out and found one of his fellow servants who owed him a hundred pence. And he laid hands on him, and took him by the throat, saying, `Pay me what thou [you] owest [owe].'
29 And his fellow servant fell down at his feet, and besought him, saying, `Have patience with me, and I will pay thee all.'
30 And he would not, but went and cast him into prison until he should pay the debt.
31 So when his fellow servants saw what was done, they were very sorry and came and told unto their lord all that was done.
32 Then his lord, after he had called him, said unto him, `O thou wicked servant, I forgave thee all that debt, because thou desiredst me [wanted me to].
33 Shouldest [Should] not thou also have had compassion on thy fellow servant, even as I had pity on thee?'
34 And his lord was wroth [enraged], and delivered him to the tormentors until he should pay all that was due unto him.

The present national-deficit debt of America is in the trillions of dollars. Who all is that owed to? Do whom it is owed to also owe money or goods or services in return, and/or are they dependent on their paying customers for exported goods and services? If America owes China hundreds of billions of dollars for goods and services purchased from China, is not China dependent upon America continuing to be a huge purchasing customer for what China exports so that all their production is not in vain and does not become a huge pile of hard-to-dispose-of trash? Such is also the case with the Middle Eastern foreign-oil-providing countries, interdependent on their customers to continue to be a lucrative market for their oil production and supplies.

The abolition of global debt among participant nations on the planet to repair, maintain, and facilitate continuing and robust worldwide commerce will make across-the-board transactional regulation expedient by the highest-authority administrators who peoples of the world appoint for the task, and such is predicted to occur, as detailed in the 13th chapter of the New Testament book of Revelation concerning the infamous "Mark of the Beast" (a perhaps-scannable probably-computer-recognizable-and-manipulational 666 tattoo applied to the forehead or right hand of each commercial-transactor person on Earth). Lamentably, the voluntary (but in essence crucial-to-possess) acquisition and application of such tattoos will of necessity be accompanied by a mandatory satanic allegiance to the demonic chief administrator described not only in the book of Revelation (in chapters 13 through 20), but also in the New Testament book of Second Thessalonians, First John, and the latter chapters of the Old Testament book of Daniel.